Would is a modal verb that is used to express an action or condition in the past, present, or future that is hypothetical or uncertain.
As a modal verb, “would” is often used to indicate a desire, intention, or preference. For example, “I would like to go to the concert.”
“Would” is also commonly used to make polite requests or offers. For instance, “Would you mind closing the window?” or “Would you like some coffee?”
In conditional sentences, “would” is used in the second or third clause to express a hypothetical or imagined result. For example, “If it rained, I would stay indoors.”